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Advancing Battery Possibilities with Measurement Solutions

Advancements in batteries have opened new possibilities for the types of cars we drive, products we use in our homes, and even the way we store energy. Force measurement solutions play a crucial role in supporting advancements and innovation in battery technologies, as noted in Advancing Lithium-Ion Battery Test and Measurement.

The primary areas for battery developement utilizing Interface load cells and instrumentation are design, testing, and manufacturing. From structural integrity and safety tests to material testing and optimization, Interface measurement solutions are used for evolving batteries and their applications across many industries.

Interface is a preferred provider of force measurment solutions to the automotive industry, where they have long utilized our load cells and instrumentation for different battery testing. Learn more about our battery solutions for the auto and vehicle industry here.

As batteries become more powerful, ensuring their structural integrity for safety purposes becomes paramount. Our load cells are used to accurately measure the forces during various mechanical stresses, such as compression and impact testing. These measurement solutions can help to assess their robustness and identify potential weak points of the battery structure. Read: Electric Vehicle Structural Battery Testing

Understanding how battery materials respond to forces is critical in optimizing their performance and durability. Testing new materials is critical in developing new battery capabilities and capacities. With the introduction of new battery types, there is a requirement to thoroughly assess the chemicals and materials used in the battery, it’s encasing and the surrounding environment.

Load cells can be integrated into battery testing setups to monitor the mechanical stress on batteries during charge and discharge cycles. Load cells are utilized in thermal testing chambers to measure the mechanical stress experienced by batteries during thermal cycling. Load cells that are designed for high cycle counts for fatigue and stress testing are ideal for this type of measurement.

Interface products are important in the quality control processes of battery manufacturing. By validating the mechanical properties of batteries at different production stages, manufacturers can maintain consistent quality and comply with industry standards and safety regulations. All types of batteries are regulated in many countries to ensure safety, environmental protection, and consumer rights. The specific regulations may vary; however, most batteries are designed to meet the maximum industry standards.

Advancements in battery testing are essential for a wide range of industries that rely on batteries as a crucial component of their products or operations. Some of the industries that heavily rely on battery testing include automotive, particularly electric vehicles (EVs), renewable energy, consumer electronics, manufacturers, aerospace and aviation, medical devices, military, industrial equipment,, transportation and shipping, and maritime.

How are load cells used in battery testing?

The most common types of battery testing include capacity testing, safety testing, environmental testing, and manufacturing quality control. Load cells are commonly used for battery compression tests, impact testing, and thermal expansion and contraction.

Battery Compression Testing

This is crucial to ensure the battery’s structural integrity and safety under different conditions. During compression testing, the battery is subjected to controlled forces using hydraulic or mechanical presses, and load cells placed between the battery and the press measure the applied force accurately. Engineers can analyze the data to determine how the battery deforms and behaves under pressure, helping them design safer and more robust battery packs.

Interface low profile load cells, like our popular 1200 series or through-hole load cells like our precision load washers are often used for compression tests on batteries. Low profile load cells have a flat, disk-like shape and are suitable for applications where the force needs to be applied in a perpendicular direction to the cell’s surface. Through-hole load cells, on the other hand, have a central hole through which the force is applied, making them suitable for applications where the load needs to pass through the load cell.  Interface offers a wide range of models including high-capacity, compression-only, precision, and mounting options for our load cells.

Battery Impact Testing

Load cells can be integrated into a machine, drop tower or other testing setups, where the battery is dropped from a specific height to create impact. The load cells measure the impact force experienced by the battery during the fall. This data is vital for evaluating the battery’s ability to withstand sudden shocks and impacts, ensuring it meets safety standards for real-world situations.

For impact testing, high-capacity load cells with a rugged and robust design are preferred. Impact events can generate high forces in a short period, so the load cells must be capable of handling such sudden loads without damage. Interface’s S-type load cells or rod-end load cells are commonly used for impact testing applications due to their ability to measure tension and compression forces accurately.

Battery Thermal Expansion and Contraction Testing

Load cells are used in thermal testing chambers to measure the changes in mechanical stress that occur within the battery as the temperature fluctuates. By analyzing how the load on the cells changes with temperature, engineers can assess the battery’s performance and structural stability under different thermal conditions, which is critical for battery design and optimization.

In thermal testing applications, miniature load cells often used. Miniature WMC load cells are compact and can be easily integrated into small spaces within thermal chambers. Strain gages offer excellent sensitivity and are suitable for measuring small changes in mechanical stress that occur during thermal expansion and contraction testing.

Read EV Battery Testing Solutions Utilize Interface Mini Load Cells

Interface Force Load Cell Considerations Used for Battery Testing

  • Capacity: Choose a load cell with a capacity that covers the expected force range during testing. Ensure that the load cell can handle the maximum force that might be applied during compression, impact, or thermal testing.
  • Accuracy: Look for load cells with high accuracy and low hysteresis to ensure precise and repeatable measurements, especially when evaluating the mechanical properties and behavior of EV batteries under various test conditions. Interface is known for accuracy in measurement. All specifications related to the accuracy are available on each product’s datasheet.
  • Model Design: The load cell’s form factor should be robust and durable to withstand the demands of testing. A rugged design, preferrably stainless steel, is essential for impact testing and to ensure the load cell remains stable and reliable throughout the testing process.
  • Compatibility: Ensure that the measurement device is compatible with the testing equipment and data acquisition system being used in the battery testing setup. Interface will work with you in selecting the right sensor, instrumentation, cable and any accessories based on your test plan.
  • Calibration and Temperature Compensation: All Interface load cells have calibration certificates. The temperature compensation features are outlined in the model specifications. Accurate calibration and temperature compensation are vital for obtaining reliable and accurate force measurements, especially during thermal testing.
  • Application-specific features: Depending on the type of battery testing, certain load cell features, such as high-frequency response for impact testing or low profile designs for compression testing in confined spaces, might be beneficial. Discuss with our application engineers if you have questions on selecting the right products.

Overall, advancements in battery testing have far-reaching implications across various industries, enabling the development and deployment of safer, more efficient, and higher-performing battery technologies, which are essential for the ongoing transition to a sustainable and electrified future. To learn more about solutions that Interface has supplied for battery testing, and affiliated components used in the advancements of batteries, contact us. Our solutions team is ready to help.

Additional Resources

Electric Vehicle Battery Load Testing Feature and Application

Feature Article Highlights Interface Solutions for EV Battery Testing

EV Battery Testing Solutions Utilize Interface Mini Load Cells

Advancing Lithium-Ion Battery Test and Measurement

Electric Vehicle Structural Battery Testing App Note

Electric Vehicle Battery Monitoring

Interface Powers Smart Transportation Solutions

 

Interface Solutions for Structural Testing

Interface products are used in many types of structural tests across industries, including for rockets, aircraft, EV batteries, heavy equipment, and infrastructure projects. Our loads cells provide the accurate and reliable data, which is why our force measurement solutions are a top choice for these complex and highly regulated industries.

Structural testing labs use Interface solutions to perform tensile, compression, bending, fatigue and hardness testing on materials, components, or assemblies. There are a variety of structural tests used for measuring tension of push and pull forces, design proofing, and lifecycle fatigue validation. Each of these tests plays a critical role in verifying the quality and safety of a product, component or materials, and each of these tests relies upon force measurement sensors.

Types of Structural Testing

  • Tensile Testing involves applying a pulling force to measure a structure’s strength and resistance. Load cells are used to measure the applied force and resulting tension from elongation or deformation of the material.
  • Compression Testing uses compressive force to evaluate the strength and resistance of a structure to crushing. Force measurement sensors are used to measure the magnitude of the applied force and the resulting deformation or failure.
  • Torque Testing measures the twisting or rotational forces applied to a structure. Torque transducers are utilized to assess the material’s torsional strength, stiffness, and behavior.
  • Load Capacity Testing determines the maximum load that a structure can withstand before failure. Force measurement sensors and load cells are used to gradually increase the load until failure occurs, enabling the determination of the structure’s load-carrying capacity.
  • Bending Tests assess the flexural strength and behavior of materials under force. Load cells measure forces applied during bending and to determine the bending moment, stress distribution, and deflection of the material within a structure.
  • Fatigue Tests in structural testing labs assess the durability and performance of materials under cyclic loading conditions. Force sensors measure the applied forces or loads helping to analyze the material’s fatigue life through various cycle counts.
  • Impact Testing involve subjecting a structure to sudden and high-intensity forces to assess its ability to withstand rapid loading conditions. This is particularly important for environmental condition testing to structures that endure extreme temperatures, winds, moisture. This type of testing is also important for submersible structures.
  • Shear Testing evaluates the resistance of a material to forces applied parallel to its surface, causing it to slide or deform. Force measurement devices measure the applied shear forces and determine the shear strength and behavior of the material used in a structure.

During the Testing Lab Essentials Webinar, Interface application experts detail various ways our products serve test labs. During this event, the experts detailed top considerations in selecting Interface products that serve test lab engineers in conducting structural tests. 

Structural testing labs use our LowProfile load cells because they are designed to fit into tight spaces and machines, making them ideal for use in small-scale structural applications. High-capacity load cells from Interface are designed to measure large forces and are commonly used in heavy machinery and structural testing. Universal load cells are capable of measuring tension and compression, making them ideal for quality control and structural testing applications.

Multi-axis sensors are valuable force measurement solutions as they provide more data across two, three and six axes during a single structural test. Implementing multi-axis sensors can provide a more complete picture of loads and moments being applied to the DUT providing additional insight for design and verification.

As noted in the webinar, key challenges involved in structural testing include managing and isolating extraneous loads such as off-axis load and bending, understanding which products are most suitable for the type of structural tests you are performing and ensuring the instrumentation you are using is compatible with force solutions. Equally, it is important to define your systems for optimal data collection in the planning phase of any project.

Structural Testing Applications

Performance Structural Loading

Performers and entertainers have special stages built to perform in concerts for their fans. From the largest sports events half-time shows to other complex staging, a force measurement system is needed to ensure the safety for all performers, equipment, and scenery on stage. The stage needs to hold all weight, and also maintain during dynamic movements, such as performers walking on stage. For this challenge, Interface’s A4200 Zinc Plated or A4600 Stainless Steel WeighCheck Load Cells paired with the 1280 Programmable Weight Indicator and Controller is able to measure the individual loads on each load cell, or the entire weight of the performance stage. Results from the 1280 Programmable Weight Indicator and Controller was sent to the customer’s control center. Using Interface’s A4200 Zinc Plated or A4600 Stainless Steel WeighCheck Load Cells as a customizable solution, the customer was able to monitor and weigh the performance stage.

Rocket Structural Test

NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) core stage will be the largest ever built at 27 feet in diameter and 200+ feet tall. Core components including liquid hydrogen and oxygen tanks must withstand launch loads up to 9 million pounds-force (lbf). Interface load cells attached to hydraulic cylinders at various locations along test stands to provide precise test forces. Strain gages bonded to rocket structure surface and connected to data acquisition system for stress analysis. Using this solution, Engineers are able to measure loads applied at various areas on the rocket structure, verifying the structural performance under simulated launch conditions.

EV Battery Structural Testing

As electric vehicles push advancements in efficiency gains, structural battery packaging is at the forefront for optimization. This drives the need to validate structural battery pack design, both in terms of life expectancy against design targets as well as crash test compliance and survivability. Interface’s solution includes 1100 Ultra-Precision LowProfile Load Cells in-line with hydraulic or electromechanical actuators in customer’s test stand. Also utilized are 6A Series 6-Axis Load Cells to capture reactive forces transmitting through pack structure. Multi-axis measurement brings greater system level insight and improved product success.

Interface is a valued partner to test labs for providing solutions for structural testing.

Additional Resources

Modernizing Infrastructure with Interface Sensor Technologies

Rocket Structure Testing

Rigging Engineers Choose Interface Measurement Solutions

Load Cell Selection Guide

Force Measurement Solutions Demonstrations at Automotive Testing Expo

Interface experts are returning to Novi, Michigan, to demonstrate new and popular force measurement solutions at the Automotive Testing Expo.  The focus of this year includes our multi-axis sensors, axial torsion and torque transducers, miniature load cells, wireless and testing rig solutions, instrumentation, along with our precision load cell technologies for all types of automotive testing and equipment used in the industry.

New SuperSC for Automotive Industry

One of the demonstrations will be Interface’s new SuperSC S-Type Miniature Load Cell. This new product is an economical general purpose load cell with a compact design that measures tension and compression in one unit. It offers high performance capacities in a form factor 80% smaller and 50% lighter than other models of s-type shear beam load cells.

The SuperSC is an ideal product in end of line validation testing for automotive, individual automotive component testing, and fatigue or life cycle testing. It is versatile for machines, component tests, integration into a manufacturing or assembly line for real-time force monitoring.

Many automotive testing labs rely on an actuator for fatigue or lifetime expectancy testing. Without force measurement, testers can only tell when the product reaches failure. The SuperSC can provide early warnings on component performance and life degradation.

SuperSC comes in 12 capacities ranging from 25 to 1K lbf and 100 N to 5 kN. Six designs for international standards of measurement (metric) and six for imperial standards. They are environmentally sealed with an IP66 rating and offer high stiffness with low detection and is insensitive to off-axis loading.

AxialTQ Demonstration

Another product that will be a focus is the revolutionary AxialTQ™ Wireless Rotary Torque Transducer. Designed for the automotive industry, this transducer is common for advanced torque tests and in the electric vehicle markets. Interface presented a new white paper that provides comparative research related to the AxialTQ product, demonstrating its performance related to other offerings. Read AxialTQ Technical White Paper Details Comparative Testing.

To learn more about AxialTQ, watch this video demonstration.

Automotive Testing Applications

Interface will also be showcasing brake pedal load cells, our robot using multi-axis sensors, digital and portable instrumentation and custom solutions designed specifically for auto test engineers. One of these solutions that we will be sharing is our Electric Vehicle Structural Battery Testing application.

EV Battery Structural Testing

Structural EV battery testing is core to optimization as innovation drives electric vehicle battery design and sustainability. Automotive manufacturers and component testing engineers need to validate structural battery pack design for life expectancy against design targets, as well as crash test compliance and survivability. Working with the EV battery maker, Interface’s recommendation is our 1100 Ultra-Precision LowProfile Load Cells for use in-line with hydraulic or electromechanical actuators within the test stand. Interface’s 6A Series 6-Axis Load Cells are also used to capture reactive forces transmitting through pack structure. Multi-axis measurement brings greater system level insight and improved product success.

Bluetooth® Brake Pedal Animated Application Note

Additional Automotive Solutions and Resources

EV Battery Testing Solutions Utilize Interface Mini Load Cells

Electric Vehicle Battery Monitoring App Note

Torque Measurement for Electric Vehicles

Automotive Head Rest Testing App Note

Fine-Tuning Testing Solutions for Championship Racing Vehicles

Automotive Window Pinch Force Testing

Automotive Head Rest Testing Animated Application Note

Automotive + Vehicle Brochure

 

Electric Vehicle Battery Load Testing Feature and Application

The demand for quality load cell sensors and testing technology solutions in the electric vehicle market is high. This extends into the innovations and testing related to electric vehicle batteries. Design engineers and automotive manufacturers are looking for ways to extend the life of the EV battery, while also seeking ways to maximize overall vehicle performance.

Interface application engineers have been working to provide standard and custom solutions to EV battery manufacturers and testing labs for R&D, prototyping, and performance monitoring. It has sparked recent publications to reach out to Interface to discuss the types of force measurement devices that are being used, along with supportive instrumentation for various tests related to the electric vehicle market.

We’ve captured one of these use cases in the new application note, Electric Vehicle Structural Battery Testing.

The initial requirements for this application were to validate structural battery pack design, both in terms of life expectancy against design targets as well as crash test compliance and survivability.  Interface recommended utilizing 1100 Ultra-Precision LowProfile Load Cells in-line with hydraulic or electromechanical actuators within a structural test stand. The 6-Axis Load Cells were used to capture reactive forces transmitting through pack structure. These multi-axis sensors provide more measurement data and brings greater system level insight and improved product success. Using this configuration, the tests performed using Interface’s force measurement products validated the battery packs strong structural design. Read more here.

Recently we shared our experience in working with companies to provide load cells for testing batteries.  The details of this interview with DesignNews are highlighted in a brief excerpt below. Read the entire article here.

BATTERY LOAD TESTING PRESENTS NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERFACE

By Dan Carney at DesignNews

The Arizona force management specialist is finding new opportunities for its load cells testing batteries.  In addition to measuring the strength of the battery case, it is also important for automakers to measure the pressure of the cells inside the case. In both situations, force management solutions from Interface, Inc. (Scottsdale, Arizona) are beneficial.

“FEA and computerized modeling get the customer most of the way there,” observed Interface vice president of global sales Brian Peters in a phone interview with Design News. “Automotive OEMs are spending more time on various structural development testing,” he said. “They are push-pull, multi-axis similar to what we see with aerospace fuselage testing.”

This is important because, in addition to the torsional loads normally applied to the battery box in the course of normal driving, there is also the need to model for worst-case crash scenarios.

“You have basic (noise, vibration, and harshness) torsional rigidity requirements, but then you have the crash requirements,” Peters noted. “How do you model, test, and have successful test results? When you run the full system into the barrier, sometimes the outcome is hard to model.”

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Feature Article Highlights Interface Solutions for EV Battery Testing

EV Battery Testing Solutions Utilize Interface Mini Load Cells

Electric Vehicle Battery Monitoring

Interface Helps to Power the Electric Vehicle Market Forward

Test and Measurement for Electric Vehicles

Torque Measurement for Electric Vehicles App Note

The Future of Automotive is Electric

Feature Article Highlights Interface Solutions for EV Battery Testing

In the recent article, Force sensors find opportunity in electric vehicles, battery assembly by Dan O’Shea of Fierce Electronics, the feature details increasing use of force measurement technologies in the EV industry.

In this must-read piece, Brian Peters was interviewed to share Interface’s role and growing support for the testing of electric vehicle components including electric vehicle battery testing.

In the article, the author highlights the different use cases for sensor technologies in the EV market. Interface shared our experience in supplying vehicle force measurement solutions for EV batteries chemical mixing, batch weighing scales, battery assembly machines, tension monitoring, material tests, structural tests and more.

Dan writes, “In the automotive sector, one of the most important areas where force sensor technology can play a role is in the manufacturing of electric vehicle batteries, as well as testing and monitoring batteries for quality assurance.”

He continues, “Brian Peters, vice president of global sales at Interface Force Measurement Solutions, told Fierce Electronics that the need for force sensors in EV battery applications has grown rapidly as more new automakers and battery manufacturers have appeared on the scene and consumer interest in EVs has risen.”

An example of one of these applications is detailed in use case of Electric Vehicle Battery Monitoring.

ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY MONITORING

Interface’s customer was designing a system to monitor lithium-batteries used in electric vehicles. Typically, lithium-batteries are measured through ICV to monitor and analyze life and performance. Interface suggested using our LBM Compression Load Button Load Cell in between two garolite end plates, and measuring the force that is created from cell swelling or expansion. Instead of monitoring through voltage (ICV), this method is based on measured force (ICF). Paired with the 9330 Battery Powered High Speed Data Logging Indicator, force results can be displayed, recorded, and logged with supplied software. 

Additional Resources

Interface Automotive Force Measurement Solutions

Automotive + Vehicle Brochure

Advancing Auto Testing with Interface Measurement Solutions

Torque Measurement for Electric Vehicles App Note

Interface Helps to Power the Electric Vehicle Market Forward

The Future of Automotive is Electric

Test and Measurement for Electric Vehicles

 

 

Test and Measurement for Electric Vehicles

Among the many technologies that are making a significant impact on our society over the last few years, very few compare to the impact of electrical vehicles. As the world addresses climate change, investments in electric vehicle technology have risen greatly across nearly all the world’s largest vehicle OEMs.

Investments in this vehicle market segment are global. According to a McKinsey report, the global electric vehicle (EV) market was valued at $162.34 billion in 2019, and is projected to reach $802.81 billion by 2027.

As with any technology, as the market potential rises the need for engineering, manufacturing, and testing technologies and suppliers rise as well. Here at Interface, we’ve been preparing for the EV market for many years. In 2018, Interface released the AxialTQ Wireless Rotary Torque Transducer, designed primarily for the automotive industry and specifically crafted to test some of the more unique requirements for engine testing on electric vehicles.

FierceElectronics outlined this need in an article on EV testing, saying “wireless rotary torque transducers are the critical link in a test rig used to develop next-generation technologies for electric and hybrid vehicle powertrains.” Interface has addressed this need with AxialTQ.

At the heart of AxialTQ’s innovation is the rotor and high-precision sensing element technology, which when combined with next-generation electronics, produces industry-leading accuracy. Unique features of AxialTQ also allow the system to be fully customizable and flexible include its ability to use simultaneous analog and digital outputs to enable real-time control and data collection. Additionally, the flexible capability of the stator and output module mounting offers an infinite number of configurations to meet any application needs, like those involved in the torque testing of EV.

The automotive industry, their subsidiaries and partners are known for stringent and comprehensive testing protocols necessary for safety, performance and quality.  Areas that require high-performing force and torque sensor technologies for test and measurement include:

  • ICE Lab Testing
  • ICE End of Line Testing
  • EV Lab Testing
  • EV Motor End of Line Testing
  • Drivetrain Lab Testing
  • Accessory Lab Testing

Read more about the EV testing use cases in our post, The Future of Automotive is Electric. 

One area that continues to expand testing is for EV batteries.  With the increase in EV battery capacity and the development in the charging technology, various parameters such as temperature, current, and pressure changes have to be monitored to ensure that any increase or decrease outside their range of functioning is detected and solved while driving the vehicle. These conditions lead to the utilization of electric vehicle sensors, which monitor such temperature, current, and pressure surges in EVs.

As outlined in our new Urban Mobility Case Study, one of the most integral pieces of technology is the battery used to run every piece of hardware and software in the car. One of the critical tests performed on EV batteries is compression testing. As an EV battery is charged and stores more electrons, it swells. If the packaging housing the batteries are not intelligently designed to compensate for this swelling, you could have a major problem. For this challenge, Interface can supply a WMC miniature load cell. The load cell will measure compression force as a battery goes through charge cycles on a test stand to determine the force given off as the battery swells. This allows our customers to design the proper packaging for the batteries.

Test and measurement and sensor technology are critical to optimizing parts and components in innovative and trending markets like the the electric vehicle market. Interface is proud to be a key supplier to these customers and we look forward to contributing to the continued growth of this important technology.

To learn more about Interface’s commitment to the automotive and EV industries, check out some of our top application notes and case studies here: www.interfaceforce.com/solutions/automotive-vehicle/.